What is meant by 'comprehension' in the context of reading?

In the context of reading, 'comprehension' refers to the process of constructing meaning from print. This involves not just recognizing words on the page, but also interpreting, analyzing, and synthesizing information to develop a deeper understanding of the text. Effective comprehension requires readers to connect prior knowledge with new information, make inferences, and grasp the underlying themes and messages presented by the author.

Fluency, while an important skill for reading, primarily focuses on the ability to read smoothly and accurately rather than on understanding the text. Similarly, recognizing and reciting text verbatim pertains only to the ability to recall specific words or phrases, which does not necessarily indicate that the reader has understood its meaning. Lastly, understanding only the literal meaning of words limits comprehension, as it excludes the nuances and deeper interpretations that are essential for a comprehensive grasp of the material. Thus, the emphasis on the process of constructing meaning highlights the active engagement and cognitive effort involved in successful reading comprehension.