What does the term "theme" refer to in literature?

The term "theme" in literature refers to the underlying message or central idea that the author explores throughout a work. It encompasses the deeper meanings and insights conveyed through the narrative, themes often reflect universal truths about human experiences, society, or moral questions.

For example, the theme of love, friendship, betrayal, or the struggle for justice might be portrayed in various ways within the story, but it is the thematic essence that resonates with readers on a personal and often profound level. This central idea is not merely a summary of the text, but rather a commentary that emerges from the characters' actions, the plot developments, and the settings. Understanding the theme allows readers to gain a richer appreciation of the work and its relevance to real-life experiences. This is why it is identified as the correct answer; it captures the essence of what the term "theme" signifies in literary analysis.