What defines summative assessment?

Summative assessment is best defined as a method of evaluating student learning at a specific point in time, often at the end of a unit, course, or instructional period. This type of assessment aims to determine what students have learned overall and how well they have met the learning objectives. It typically occurs after a significant period of instruction and is often used for reporting purposes, such as assigning grades or determining proficiency.

Summative assessments can come in various forms, including final exams, standardized tests, projects, and presentations. The focus is on measuring the cumulative knowledge and skills that students have acquired, rather than providing immediate feedback for ongoing learning processes or informing future instruction. Understanding the purpose and characteristics of summative assessment helps educators effectively gauge the effectiveness of their instructional strategies and the success of their students.